📝 El Nino is weaker than anticipated: IMD
From UPSC perspective following things important:
🔘 Prelims level: El Nino, La Nino and IOD concepts. Read the connected newstrail to fill in the static gaps in your understanding
🔘 Mains level: These kind of phenomenons are important for the static part of the syllabus. Expect a direct question if already not asked
🔴 What:
The India Meteorological Department(IMD) is expecting better this year.
🔴 Why:
Because El Nino would be much weaker than anticipated.
🔘 New monsoon forecast system: IMD has shifted to a new monsoon forecast system, called a dynamical model that works by supercomputers simulating the weather and extrapolating it(i.e. Deducing the weather by assuming that existing trends will continue).
🔴 What is El Nino?
🔘 The El Nino is characterised by surface waters of the equatorial Pacific warming up by more than half a degree
🔘 It is known to negativey affect monsoon rain every six out of 10 years
🔘 A positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is said to buffer the impact of El Nino and contribute to better rains
🔘 The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is also known as the Indian Niño,
IOD is an irregular oscillation of sea-surface temperatures in which the western Indian Ocean becomes alternately warmer and then colder than the eastern part of the ocean
🔘 The IOD is a swing in surface temperatures that turns the western Indian Ocean alternately warmer and then colder than the eastern part of the ocean
#Prelims #GS1 #Geography
@UPSC_2018
From UPSC perspective following things important:
🔘 Prelims level: El Nino, La Nino and IOD concepts. Read the connected newstrail to fill in the static gaps in your understanding
🔘 Mains level: These kind of phenomenons are important for the static part of the syllabus. Expect a direct question if already not asked
🔴 What:
The India Meteorological Department(IMD) is expecting better this year.
🔴 Why:
Because El Nino would be much weaker than anticipated.
🔘 New monsoon forecast system: IMD has shifted to a new monsoon forecast system, called a dynamical model that works by supercomputers simulating the weather and extrapolating it(i.e. Deducing the weather by assuming that existing trends will continue).
🔴 What is El Nino?
🔘 The El Nino is characterised by surface waters of the equatorial Pacific warming up by more than half a degree
🔘 It is known to negativey affect monsoon rain every six out of 10 years
🔘 A positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is said to buffer the impact of El Nino and contribute to better rains
🔘 The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is also known as the Indian Niño,
IOD is an irregular oscillation of sea-surface temperatures in which the western Indian Ocean becomes alternately warmer and then colder than the eastern part of the ocean
🔘 The IOD is a swing in surface temperatures that turns the western Indian Ocean alternately warmer and then colder than the eastern part of the ocean
#Prelims #GS1 #Geography
@UPSC_2018
📝 Water quality index set to be announced soon
Note4students:
The news card has details on Water Quality Index, a new step in the field of environment pollution control.
Few takeaways:
🔘 Prelims Level: The three models being considered and parameters involved, find out about the present classification
🔘 Mains Level: Nothing as of yet. Let’s hope we have an op-ed coming out soon
Keep tab of this news development.
🔴 Context:
It is being planned to introduce a certain and easy way to find out pollution levels in water.
🔴 Who proposed this?
It is based on the proposal of the Telangana State Pollution Control Board (TSPCB).
🔘 The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is working on coming up with a Water Quality Index, on the lines of Air Quality Index (AQI).
🔴 5+ states involved:
A committee has been formed with senior environment scientists from Telangana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and other States to formulate models to assess the water quality
🔴 Three models proposed & why?
The members felt that the present classification was not rational.
🔘 The committee has closely studied similar models existing in Australia and Canada
Taking four perimeters into consideration, the committee has developed three different models
Parameters involved.
🔘 The parameters are limited to only four
Since developing an index for water quality is complex than air quality, it is decided to have three different models for lakes and rivers, ground water and coastal waters.
🔘 The committee members also want to classify the lakes, groundwater and the coastal waters across the country based on the Water Quality Index.
👉 Back2basics:
🔴 Central Pollution Control Board
🔘 What: The CPCB of India is a statutory organisation under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC)
🔘 When: It was established in 1974. It was established under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. CPCB is also entrusted with the powers and functions under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. It serves as a field formation and also provides technical services to the Ministry of Environment and Forests under the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. It co-ordinates the activities of the State Pollution Control Boards by providing technical assistance and guidance and also resolves disputes among them. It is the apex organisation in country in the field of pollution control, as a technical wing of MoEF.
The board is led by its chairman, who is nominated by the Central Government.
CPCB has its head office in New Delhi, with seven zonal offices and 5 laboratories.
🔘 Functions of CPCB
The board conducts environmental assessments and research.
It is responsible for maintaining national standards under a variety of environmental laws, in consultation with zonal offices, tribal, and local governments.
It has responsibilities to conduct monitoring of water and air quality, and maintains monitoring data.
The agency also works with industries and all levels of government in a wide variety of voluntary pollution prevention programs and energy conservation efforts.
It advises the central government to prevent and control water and air pollution.
It also advises the Governments of Union Territories on industrial and other sources of water and air pollution.
#GS3 #Prelims #Environment #Pollution
@UPSC_2018
Note4students:
The news card has details on Water Quality Index, a new step in the field of environment pollution control.
Few takeaways:
🔘 Prelims Level: The three models being considered and parameters involved, find out about the present classification
🔘 Mains Level: Nothing as of yet. Let’s hope we have an op-ed coming out soon
Keep tab of this news development.
🔴 Context:
It is being planned to introduce a certain and easy way to find out pollution levels in water.
🔴 Who proposed this?
It is based on the proposal of the Telangana State Pollution Control Board (TSPCB).
🔘 The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is working on coming up with a Water Quality Index, on the lines of Air Quality Index (AQI).
🔴 5+ states involved:
A committee has been formed with senior environment scientists from Telangana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and other States to formulate models to assess the water quality
🔴 Three models proposed & why?
The members felt that the present classification was not rational.
🔘 The committee has closely studied similar models existing in Australia and Canada
Taking four perimeters into consideration, the committee has developed three different models
Parameters involved.
🔘 The parameters are limited to only four
Since developing an index for water quality is complex than air quality, it is decided to have three different models for lakes and rivers, ground water and coastal waters.
🔘 The committee members also want to classify the lakes, groundwater and the coastal waters across the country based on the Water Quality Index.
👉 Back2basics:
🔴 Central Pollution Control Board
🔘 What: The CPCB of India is a statutory organisation under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC)
🔘 When: It was established in 1974. It was established under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. CPCB is also entrusted with the powers and functions under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. It serves as a field formation and also provides technical services to the Ministry of Environment and Forests under the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. It co-ordinates the activities of the State Pollution Control Boards by providing technical assistance and guidance and also resolves disputes among them. It is the apex organisation in country in the field of pollution control, as a technical wing of MoEF.
The board is led by its chairman, who is nominated by the Central Government.
CPCB has its head office in New Delhi, with seven zonal offices and 5 laboratories.
🔘 Functions of CPCB
The board conducts environmental assessments and research.
It is responsible for maintaining national standards under a variety of environmental laws, in consultation with zonal offices, tribal, and local governments.
It has responsibilities to conduct monitoring of water and air quality, and maintains monitoring data.
The agency also works with industries and all levels of government in a wide variety of voluntary pollution prevention programs and energy conservation efforts.
It advises the central government to prevent and control water and air pollution.
It also advises the Governments of Union Territories on industrial and other sources of water and air pollution.
#GS3 #Prelims #Environment #Pollution
@UPSC_2018
Karpathu IAS
📝 India becomes associate member of International Energy Agency
🔴 News:
India has become part of IEA Association.
🔴 Significance:
🔘 It will allow the country play a more “visible and influential” role in the global energy landscape.
🔘 The “Activation of Association” is expected to serve as a bridge and platform for wider-ranging and deeper co-operation and collaboration between IEA member and Association countries in the future.
🔘 India’s engagement with the International Energy Agency (IEA) has enhanced over the last two decades and the “Association” status would facilitate it to participate in meetings of the standing groups, committees and working groups that constitute the IEA governance structure.
🔴 ISA:
India also envisages a greater partnership with IEA in taking forward the International Solar Alliance framework to other countries in the world.
🔴 Apprehension?
This membership does not cast any additional obligation on India, however, gives an opportunity for the country to become the voice of the developing countries.
🔴 Information:
Today, IEA is an important part of global dialogue on energy, providing research, data/statistics, analysis and recommendations on the global energy sector
India can also richly gain from IEA’s data gathering processes, survey methodologies and range of energy data, which could enable India in the near future to set up its own robust integrated database agency.
🔴 Green energy:
India’s participation will enrich the energy efficiency and renewable sectors of IEA member and other countries.
👉 Note4students:
Important for prelims. See b2b for IEA. Also note the significance for mains.
👉 Back2basics:
🔴 The International Energy Agency (IEA):
🔘 It is a Paris-based autonomous intergovernmental organization established in the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 1974 in the wake of the 1973 oil crisis.
🔘 The IEA was initially dedicated to responding to physical disruptions in the supply of oil, as well as serving as an information source on statistics about the international oil market and other energy sectors.
🔘 The IEA acts as a policy adviser to its member states, but also works with non-member countries, especially China, India, and Russia.
🔴 Mandate:
🔘 The Agency’s mandate has broadened to focus on the “3Es” of effectual energy policy: energy security, economic development, and environmental protection.
🔘 The latter has focused on mitigating climate change.
🔘 The IEA has a broad role in promoting alternate energy sources (including renewable energy), rational energy policies, and multinational energy technology co-operation.
🔘 IEA member countries are required to maintain total oil stock levels equivalent to at least 90 days of the previous year’s net imports.
#Prelims #GS2 #Organisation
@UPSC_2018
📝 India becomes associate member of International Energy Agency
🔴 News:
India has become part of IEA Association.
🔴 Significance:
🔘 It will allow the country play a more “visible and influential” role in the global energy landscape.
🔘 The “Activation of Association” is expected to serve as a bridge and platform for wider-ranging and deeper co-operation and collaboration between IEA member and Association countries in the future.
🔘 India’s engagement with the International Energy Agency (IEA) has enhanced over the last two decades and the “Association” status would facilitate it to participate in meetings of the standing groups, committees and working groups that constitute the IEA governance structure.
🔴 ISA:
India also envisages a greater partnership with IEA in taking forward the International Solar Alliance framework to other countries in the world.
🔴 Apprehension?
This membership does not cast any additional obligation on India, however, gives an opportunity for the country to become the voice of the developing countries.
🔴 Information:
Today, IEA is an important part of global dialogue on energy, providing research, data/statistics, analysis and recommendations on the global energy sector
India can also richly gain from IEA’s data gathering processes, survey methodologies and range of energy data, which could enable India in the near future to set up its own robust integrated database agency.
🔴 Green energy:
India’s participation will enrich the energy efficiency and renewable sectors of IEA member and other countries.
👉 Note4students:
Important for prelims. See b2b for IEA. Also note the significance for mains.
👉 Back2basics:
🔴 The International Energy Agency (IEA):
🔘 It is a Paris-based autonomous intergovernmental organization established in the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 1974 in the wake of the 1973 oil crisis.
🔘 The IEA was initially dedicated to responding to physical disruptions in the supply of oil, as well as serving as an information source on statistics about the international oil market and other energy sectors.
🔘 The IEA acts as a policy adviser to its member states, but also works with non-member countries, especially China, India, and Russia.
🔴 Mandate:
🔘 The Agency’s mandate has broadened to focus on the “3Es” of effectual energy policy: energy security, economic development, and environmental protection.
🔘 The latter has focused on mitigating climate change.
🔘 The IEA has a broad role in promoting alternate energy sources (including renewable energy), rational energy policies, and multinational energy technology co-operation.
🔘 IEA member countries are required to maintain total oil stock levels equivalent to at least 90 days of the previous year’s net imports.
#Prelims #GS2 #Organisation
@UPSC_2018
Karpathuias.blogspot.in
📝 What is Inflation?
Inflation is defined as a sustained increase in the general level of prices for goods and services in a county, and is measured as an annual percentage change. Under conditions of inflation, the prices of things rise over time. Put differently, as inflation rises, every dollar you own buys a smaller percentage of a good or service. When prices rise, and alternatively when the value of money falls you have inflation.
The value of a dollar (or any unit of money) is expressed in terms of its purchasing power, which is the amount of real, tangible goods or actual services that money can buy at a moment in time. When inflation goes up, there is a decline in the purchasing power of money.
👉 For example
If the inflation rate is 2% annually, then theoretically a $1 pack of gum will cost $1.02 in a year. After inflation, your dollar does not go as far as it did in the past. This why a pack of gum cost just $0.05 in the 1940’s – the price has risen, or from a different perspective, the value of the dollar has declined.
#Prelims #GS3 #Economy
@UPSC_2018
📝 What is Inflation?
Inflation is defined as a sustained increase in the general level of prices for goods and services in a county, and is measured as an annual percentage change. Under conditions of inflation, the prices of things rise over time. Put differently, as inflation rises, every dollar you own buys a smaller percentage of a good or service. When prices rise, and alternatively when the value of money falls you have inflation.
The value of a dollar (or any unit of money) is expressed in terms of its purchasing power, which is the amount of real, tangible goods or actual services that money can buy at a moment in time. When inflation goes up, there is a decline in the purchasing power of money.
👉 For example
If the inflation rate is 2% annually, then theoretically a $1 pack of gum will cost $1.02 in a year. After inflation, your dollar does not go as far as it did in the past. This why a pack of gum cost just $0.05 in the 1940’s – the price has risen, or from a different perspective, the value of the dollar has declined.
#Prelims #GS3 #Economy
@UPSC_2018
What ails Indian navigation constellation?
#KarpathuIAS
Karpathuias.blogspot.in
👉 Note4Students:
The prime objective of ISRO is to develop space technology and its application to various national tasks.
🔘 NavIC was one such attempt to make India self reliant in GPS systems as during kargil war USA had denied access to its GPS system to India which led to development of NavIC.
Important news card as it contains major details regarding NavIC.
From UPSC perspective, following things are important:
🔘 Prelims level:
NavIC, GPS, Rubidium and cesium clocks. (Also look at properties of these elements, position in periodic table etc.)
🔘 Mains level:
NavIC and various other missions of ISRO. (There was a question in Mains 2016 on this topic)
🔴 News:
The clocks on the first satellite, IRNSS-1A had failed in June 2016, affecting the accuracy of the “GPS”.
ISRO is trying to rectify this problem.
🔴 What is NavIC?
🔘 Navigation Indian Constellation (NavIC) is an independent Indian satellite-based positioning system for critical national applications.
🔘 NavIC consists of a constellation of seven satellites, three of which are in a geostationary orbit and four in a geosynchronous.
🔘 Its purpose is to provide ‘reliable position, navigation and timing services over India and neighbourhood’.
🔴 According to ISRO, the applications of IRNSS are:
🔘 terrestrial, aerial and marine navigation, vehicle tracking and fleet management, terrestrial navigation for hikers and travellers, disaster management, integration with mobile phones, mapping and geodetic data capture and visual and voice navigation for drivers.
🔴 What’s the problem?
🔘 NavIC relies on rubidium clocks as navigation requires the most accurate clocks.
🔘 This January, the ISRO confirmed that the clocks on the first satellite, IRNSS-1A had failed in June 2016.
🔘 Though six of the satellites are working fine, the one faulty one means the “GPS” isn’t working as accurately as it ought to be.
🔴 How’s it being fixed?
🔘 ISRO was trying to revive the clocks on 1A.
🔘 It is also readying one of the two back-up navigation satellites to replace it in space in the second half of this year.
🔴 Future prospects:
🔘 Rubidium clocks were the previous standard in accurate clocks and most organisations, that need precise time estimates, need cesium clocks.
🔘 Future clocks on such satellites, each with a lifespan of 10 years, will host such clocks.
@UPSC_2018
#Prelims #Main #GS3 #Science #Space #ISRO
#KarpathuIAS
Karpathuias.blogspot.in
👉 Note4Students:
The prime objective of ISRO is to develop space technology and its application to various national tasks.
🔘 NavIC was one such attempt to make India self reliant in GPS systems as during kargil war USA had denied access to its GPS system to India which led to development of NavIC.
Important news card as it contains major details regarding NavIC.
From UPSC perspective, following things are important:
🔘 Prelims level:
NavIC, GPS, Rubidium and cesium clocks. (Also look at properties of these elements, position in periodic table etc.)
🔘 Mains level:
NavIC and various other missions of ISRO. (There was a question in Mains 2016 on this topic)
🔴 News:
The clocks on the first satellite, IRNSS-1A had failed in June 2016, affecting the accuracy of the “GPS”.
ISRO is trying to rectify this problem.
🔴 What is NavIC?
🔘 Navigation Indian Constellation (NavIC) is an independent Indian satellite-based positioning system for critical national applications.
🔘 NavIC consists of a constellation of seven satellites, three of which are in a geostationary orbit and four in a geosynchronous.
🔘 Its purpose is to provide ‘reliable position, navigation and timing services over India and neighbourhood’.
🔴 According to ISRO, the applications of IRNSS are:
🔘 terrestrial, aerial and marine navigation, vehicle tracking and fleet management, terrestrial navigation for hikers and travellers, disaster management, integration with mobile phones, mapping and geodetic data capture and visual and voice navigation for drivers.
🔴 What’s the problem?
🔘 NavIC relies on rubidium clocks as navigation requires the most accurate clocks.
🔘 This January, the ISRO confirmed that the clocks on the first satellite, IRNSS-1A had failed in June 2016.
🔘 Though six of the satellites are working fine, the one faulty one means the “GPS” isn’t working as accurately as it ought to be.
🔴 How’s it being fixed?
🔘 ISRO was trying to revive the clocks on 1A.
🔘 It is also readying one of the two back-up navigation satellites to replace it in space in the second half of this year.
🔴 Future prospects:
🔘 Rubidium clocks were the previous standard in accurate clocks and most organisations, that need precise time estimates, need cesium clocks.
🔘 Future clocks on such satellites, each with a lifespan of 10 years, will host such clocks.
@UPSC_2018
#Prelims #Main #GS3 #Science #Space #ISRO
▶️ Learn Right Now ✅ Important Current Affairs questions ✅
▶️ இப்போதே கற்றுக்கொள்ளுங்கள் ✅ முக்கிய நடப்பு நிகழ்வு கேள்விகள் ✅
👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇
Q: Where is Sonzal-2024 being held? / Sonzal-2024 எங்கு நடைபெறுகிறது?
A: University of Kashmir / காஷ்மீர் பல்கலைக்கழகம்
Q: How many musical instruments were played at the Tansen Music Festival to set a world record? / தான்சென் இசை விழாவில் உலக சாதனை படைக்க எத்தனை இசைக்கருவிகள் இசைக்கப்பட்டது?
A: 9
Q: How much medical assistance did India send to Jamaica? / ஜமைக்காவிற்கு இந்தியா எவ்வளவு மருத்துவ உதவியை அனுப்பியது?
A: 60 tons
Q: How many pledges did PM Modi present for India’s bright future? / இந்தியாவின் பிரகாசமான எதிர்காலத்திற்காக பிரதமர் மோடி எத்தனை உறுதிமொழிகளை வழங்கினார்?
A: 11
Q: When Human Rights Day observed? / மனித உரிமைகள் தினம் எப்போது அனுசரிக்கப்படுகிறது?
A: 10 December
Q: When was the PRAGATI initiative launched? / பிரகதி திட்டம் எப்போது தொடங்கப்பட்டது?
A: 2015
Q: Which country’s president was given Italian citizenship in recognition of their Italian heritage? / இத்தாலிய பாரம்பரியத்தை அங்கீகரிக்கும் வகையில் எந்த நாட்டின் ஜனாதிபதிக்கு இத்தாலிய குடியுரிமை வழங்கப்பட்டது?
A: Argentina / அர்ஜென்டினா
Q: Which country's parliament impeached President Yoon Suk Yeol? / எந்த நாட்டின் பாராளுமன்றம் ஜனாதிபதி யூன் சுக் இயோலை பதவி நீக்கம் செய்தது?
A: South Korea / தென் கொரியா
Q: Which country is planning to set up a mechanism to supply food to Syria? / சிரியாவுக்கு உணவு வழங்குவதற்கான பொறிமுறையை அமைக்க எந்த நாடு திட்டமிட்டுள்ளது?
A: Ukraine / உக்ரைன்
Q: What is the sum assured under PMSBY for accidental death? / தற்செயலான மரணத்திற்கு PMSBY இன் கீழ் காப்பீட்டுத் தொகை எவ்வளவு?
A: ₹2 lakh / ₹2 லட்சம்
Q: What is the eligibility age for PMSBY? / PMSBYக்கான தகுதி வயது என்ன?
A: 18 to 70 years
Q: Where did the hardware edition of Smart India Hackathon 2024 conclude? / ஸ்மார்ட் இந்தியா ஹேக்கத்தான் 2024 இன் ஹார்டுவேர் பதிப்பு எங்கு முடிந்தது?
A: Karnataka / கர்நாடகா
Q: When will the 38th National Games of India be held? / இந்தியாவின் 38வது தேசிய விளையாட்டுப் போட்டிகள் எப்போது நடைபெறும்?
A: 28 January to 14 February 2025
Q: Which state is hosting the 38th National Games of India? / இந்தியாவின் 38வது தேசிய விளையாட்டுப் போட்டிகளை எந்த மாநிலம் நடத்துகிறது?
A: Uttarakhand /உத்தரகாண்ட்
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#CurrentAffairs, #Prelims
▶️ இப்போதே கற்றுக்கொள்ளுங்கள் ✅ முக்கிய நடப்பு நிகழ்வு கேள்விகள் ✅
👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇👇
Q: Where is Sonzal-2024 being held? / Sonzal-2024 எங்கு நடைபெறுகிறது?
A: University of Kashmir / காஷ்மீர் பல்கலைக்கழகம்
Q: How many musical instruments were played at the Tansen Music Festival to set a world record? / தான்சென் இசை விழாவில் உலக சாதனை படைக்க எத்தனை இசைக்கருவிகள் இசைக்கப்பட்டது?
A: 9
Q: How much medical assistance did India send to Jamaica? / ஜமைக்காவிற்கு இந்தியா எவ்வளவு மருத்துவ உதவியை அனுப்பியது?
A: 60 tons
Q: How many pledges did PM Modi present for India’s bright future? / இந்தியாவின் பிரகாசமான எதிர்காலத்திற்காக பிரதமர் மோடி எத்தனை உறுதிமொழிகளை வழங்கினார்?
A: 11
Q: When Human Rights Day observed? / மனித உரிமைகள் தினம் எப்போது அனுசரிக்கப்படுகிறது?
A: 10 December
Q: When was the PRAGATI initiative launched? / பிரகதி திட்டம் எப்போது தொடங்கப்பட்டது?
A: 2015
Q: Which country’s president was given Italian citizenship in recognition of their Italian heritage? / இத்தாலிய பாரம்பரியத்தை அங்கீகரிக்கும் வகையில் எந்த நாட்டின் ஜனாதிபதிக்கு இத்தாலிய குடியுரிமை வழங்கப்பட்டது?
A: Argentina / அர்ஜென்டினா
Q: Which country's parliament impeached President Yoon Suk Yeol? / எந்த நாட்டின் பாராளுமன்றம் ஜனாதிபதி யூன் சுக் இயோலை பதவி நீக்கம் செய்தது?
A: South Korea / தென் கொரியா
Q: Which country is planning to set up a mechanism to supply food to Syria? / சிரியாவுக்கு உணவு வழங்குவதற்கான பொறிமுறையை அமைக்க எந்த நாடு திட்டமிட்டுள்ளது?
A: Ukraine / உக்ரைன்
Q: What is the sum assured under PMSBY for accidental death? / தற்செயலான மரணத்திற்கு PMSBY இன் கீழ் காப்பீட்டுத் தொகை எவ்வளவு?
A: ₹2 lakh / ₹2 லட்சம்
Q: What is the eligibility age for PMSBY? / PMSBYக்கான தகுதி வயது என்ன?
A: 18 to 70 years
Q: Where did the hardware edition of Smart India Hackathon 2024 conclude? / ஸ்மார்ட் இந்தியா ஹேக்கத்தான் 2024 இன் ஹார்டுவேர் பதிப்பு எங்கு முடிந்தது?
A: Karnataka / கர்நாடகா
Q: When will the 38th National Games of India be held? / இந்தியாவின் 38வது தேசிய விளையாட்டுப் போட்டிகள் எப்போது நடைபெறும்?
A: 28 January to 14 February 2025
Q: Which state is hosting the 38th National Games of India? / இந்தியாவின் 38வது தேசிய விளையாட்டுப் போட்டிகளை எந்த மாநிலம் நடத்துகிறது?
A: Uttarakhand /உத்தரகாண்ட்
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